Improving the spectral stability of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) through the use of aromatic ethers
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Abstract
Aromatic ethers (AEs) have been combined with poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) to improve spectral stability in PFO systems. Compared to neat PFO, PFO/AE blends were found to have decreased ‘g-bands’ following heating in air. Some were further found to induce and maintain β-phase emission. The PFO/polyphenyl ether (PPE) blend was incorporated into polymer-light emitting diodes exibiting blue electroluminescence and good efficiences. A new AE monomer (bis(4-bromophenoxy) benzene) was synthesized via iron-mediated nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Random AE/PFO copolymers were synthesized via Yamamoto (PAEFO), and Suzuki-Miyaura (PAEFO-S) cross-couplings of bis(4-bromophenoxy) benzene and 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctylfluorene (DOF). Another random AE/PF copolymer (PAEFO-2) was synthesized from bis(4-bromophenyl) ether and DOF via Yamamoto cross-coupling. Increasing the AE content in these polymers was found to decrease the ‘g-band’ and no phase changes were evidenced. The results show PFOs spectral stability can be improved by both blending and copolymerizing with AEs.